What was the "Boxer Rebellion" in the year 1900?

The Boxer Rebellion was primarily a reaction against foreign imperialism and influence in China. In 1900, a secret society known as the "Boxers," officially called the "Yihequan" or "Righteous and Harmonious Fists," rose up against foreign powers and Chinese Christians in an effort to promote independence from foreign control and to expel foreign influence in their country. The Boxers believed that their martial arts and traditional beliefs could protect them from bullets and that they could drive out foreign entities.

The rebellion garnered significant support from various segments of Chinese society who were frustrated with the increasing presence of Western powers and Japan in China, which had led to territorial concessions and special privileges for these foreign nations. The uprising culminated in a siege of Beijing, where the Boxers attacked foreign embassies, leading to an international military intervention by an eight-nation alliance.

The other choices do not accurately represent the nature of the Boxer Rebellion: it was not a military action by Japan or simply a coalition of nations; rather, the involvement of foreign powers came in response to the rebellion itself. Additionally, while there were cultural movements in China around that time, the Boxer Rebellion was not aimed at internal reform in a cultural sense, but was