What revolution caused Russia to withdraw from World War I?

The Russian Revolution of 1917 was the key event that led to Russia's withdrawal from World War I. This revolution consisted of two major phases: the February Revolution, which led to the abdication of Tsar Nicholas II and the establishment of a provisional government, and the October Revolution, wherein the Bolsheviks, led by Vladimir Lenin, seized control.

The new Bolshevik government was opposed to continuing the war, which they viewed as an imperialist conflict that was causing immense suffering among the Russian people. The Bolsheviks prioritized domestic issues, calling for peace, land, and bread. Consequently, they negotiated the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk with Germany in March 1918, which officially ended Russia's involvement in World War I. This withdrawal was significant as it allowed Germany to redirect its resources to the Western Front.

In contrast, the other options do not relate to Russia’s exit from the war. The Paris Commune was a radical socialist government that ruled Paris for two months in 1871. The Bolshevik Revolution is specifically the October Revolution, which was part of the same 1917 uprising and thus not distinct in a way that it would represent another revolution leading to withdrawal. The Spring Offensive refers to a series