What legislation provided for the independence of the Philippines by 1946?

The Tydings-McDuffie Act is indeed the correct response because it specifically outlined the process for the eventual independence of the Philippines from U.S. rule. Enacted in 1934, the act set a timeline for granting independence, establishing a ten-year transition period of self-governance for the Philippines, and leading to full sovereignty in 1946. It was a significant step in U.S.-Philippine relations, reflecting changing attitudes towards colonial rule post-World War I and during the interwar period.

The other legislation mentioned does not pertain to the independence of the Philippines in the same way. The Northeast Asia Act and the Jones Law were focused on different geopolitical matters and jurisdictions, while the Philippine Independence Act is often used interchangeably with the Tydings-McDuffie Act but does not encompass the full legislative framework outlined in the latter that timed the transition to autonomy and subsequent independence.