What act established the Federal Trade Commission to oversee business practices, including false advertising?

The Federal Trade Commission Act, passed in 1914, established the Federal Trade Commission (FTC) to regulate and oversee business practices, aiming to protect consumers and promote fair competition. This act was significant because it aimed to combat anti-competitive behaviors and deceptive advertising, providing a mechanism for consumers to report unfair business practices. The creation of the FTC marked a pivotal moment in the evolution of consumer protection and regulatory frameworks in the United States, reflecting the increasing concerns of the Progressive Era regarding corporate power and market fairness.

Other legislative acts listed do not directly relate to the establishment of the FTC or its mandate. The Hawley-Smoot Tariff primarily dealt with tariffs and trade protectionism rather than regulating business practices. The Interstate Commerce Act focused on regulating the railroad industry and ensuring fair rates, while the National Labor Relations Act sought to protect the rights of labor organizations and workers, not broader business practices like false advertising.